In 2025, Colorado established a new five-year big game season structure that is more in line with strategies used prior to 2020. The new structure should give bucks a break with more opportunities to elude hunters. With everyone witnessing a reduction in mature bucks across the board, public pressure became the driving force behind pushing seasons back to their original date structure. Rifle-season dates were the latest they’ll be last year and will be earlier each year going forward. The third rifle season was changed to a nine-day season, a compromise to allow for having the third rifle season earlier. The first year of this new structure proved fruitful. Many hunters in Colorado harvested some very respectable bucks. However, a warm second through fourth season left bucks more dispersed and still scattered throughout the high country. As a result, deer harvest across most of the state was down, but hunters who were able to pack in and get after it were very successful. Anticipate finding more deer on the landscape this year.

All mule deer tags are issued through the draw, and an archery, muzzleloader, and three rifle seasons are available in most units. There are a few units with rifle seasons that happen prior to the second rifle season (which is technically the first rifle season in most units for deer). These early rifle seasons often have designated areas within the unit you can hunt. Last year, due to the increase in deer population, there were also multiple units that offered a new first rifle season deer hunt. This year, they added a couple more of those hunts in different units. With the abundance of summer range in Colorado, deer will tend to be more spread out and harder to locate during the early archery and muzzleloader seasons. This also applies to units with early rifle seasons; deer will likely be spread out and harder to locate until they start to migrate to lower elevations during mid to late October or early November. Despite the added challenge, you can find them in their summer range, possibly even still holding some velvet. Once they migrate down to lower elevations, deer become more concentrated—though there are always a few difficult-to-reach stragglers that will stay as high up on the mountain as possible.

Colorado’s deer population is still one of the best in the West, but, as in most states, it is seeing a steady decline. Some areas are seeing increases in population as they start to recover from the terrible winterkill in 2022/2023. There are an estimated 384,000 mule deer in Western Colorado, a figure up 10,000 from the year prior, allowing for over 90,000 deer tags to be issued annually. This is a state that has something for everyone, regardless of physical ability, point totals, and trophy quality preferences, and should be on every mule deer hunter’s radar.

One thing that remains from the prior five-year season structure is that mature bucks are at a minimum. Depending on where you stand with your points, it might be wise to reconsider your strategy if you’re hoping for bucks over 180”. There are still a few units that remain strong contenders for mature bucks, but they are going to be difficult to find and draw. There’s really only two reasons you’ll still find mature bucks on the landscape after the bulk of rifle tags have been issued during the rut: either tags were severely restricted or a few bucks were able to find some untouched sanctuaries. If you’re in the 1-to-5-point range, holding out for the next five years likely won’t improve your chances much. Instead, it may be smarter to burn those points on the best hunt available to you now and just get out there. With season dates moving earlier, you’ll likely have the chance to hunt two to three times over the next five to seven years, and the quality of bucks should continue to improve. You will also have the opportunity to try for those top-tier bucks when they change the draw system in 2028.

The same mindset that’s always held true still holds today: there’s always potential for a trophy buck in any unit across Colorado. However, the landscape has changed. With advances in technology, in rifle hunts, and top-tier gear, it’s harder than ever to stumble upon a mature buck. Colorado is still a solid destination for regularly hunting big mulies, and that’s not likely to change due to its vast habitat and thriving alpine basins. However, mule deer hunting in Colorado is starting to resemble elk hunting more and more. There will always be plenty of opportunities to hunt, but they’ll mostly be younger bucks with an occasional mature buck that managed to slip through the cracks for four or five years.

Colorado has a reissue policy for limited licenses that are turned in after the draw. A returned license that took five or more preference points to draw will be manually reissued to the next eligible person. CPW will start by contacting the next five people from the current year’s draw order and attempt to reissue it. If none of those five accept, the license will be added to the leftover list. If a non-resident returns a license, it will be reallocated to a non-resident. Any returned license that took fewer than five preference points to draw will be placed on the leftover list. Colorado will issue any tag surrendered after the initial leftover license availability webpage. They will release a list of available permits each Tuesday and transfer them to the leftover list for purchase each Wednesday at 11 a.m. MT.

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